The Lady of the Rivers (The Plantagenet and Tudor Novels, #1), My Lord of Bedford, 1389 - 1435: Being the Life of John of Lancaster, First Duke of Bedford, Brother of Henry V and Regent of France, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Thomas de Courtenay, 5th/13th Earl of Devon, Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, Sir Richard Vernon, 8th Baron of Shipbrook, Richard le Scrope, Bishop of Lichfield and Archbishop of York, Thomas Fitzalan, 5th Earl of Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey, Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, Vernon of the Yorkist (White Rose) Faction, Basset of the Lancastrian (Red Rose) faction, General of the French Garrison at Bordeaux. [citation needed], Several authoritative sources are cited by the. Yolandes grandson became Louis VII of France and her grand-daughter was Margaret of Anjou, Queen Consort of Henry VI of England whose mother Catherine of Valois was Charless sister. "Joan of Arc By Herself and Her Witnesses", pp. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. Son of Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun, Countess of Derby Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sodacan, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported, Jan van Lancaster, 1ste Hertog van Bedford, Obansk vlka mezi Armagnaky a Burgunany, , Liste des hritiers du trne d'Angleterre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford.svg. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, 10. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. When John's eldest brother Henry was crowned as Henry V in 1413, John was given a number of important responsibilities and was awarded several titles, most importantly, the Duchy of Bedford. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. Select from premium John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford of the highest quality. This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. Throughout the next several years, the English, under Bedford's command, made significant gains in conquering the remainder of France. [S14] #236 Encyclopdie gnalogique des maisons souveraines du monde (1959-1966), Sirjean, Gaston, (Paris: Gaston Sirjean, 1959-1966), FHL book 944 D5se., vol. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. There was also the small matter of Humphrey antagonizing the next most important man in the kingdom during Henry VIs minority Henry Beaufort who was the Bishop of Lincoln, a key figure on the regency council and the half-uncle of Henry IVs children. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. In addition, out of wedlock he had a daughter named Mary, who married Pierre de Montferrand (d. 1454), son of the lord of Langoiran, Soudan de la Trau, and had issue; and a son, Richard. Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). He had no legitimate surviving issue. John , duke of Bedford (13891435), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14844, accessed 1 Nov 2009]document.write(printCitationDate()). John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford - definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford by The Free Dictionary After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. The play focuses on his role as the last English Regent of France. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, 30. [9], In the Bedford Book of Hours,[10] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold "wood stocks" (cut tree stumps with roots), a heraldic badge of King Edward III, referring to Woodstock Palace. 16567. Her 4th child and second son, Anthony Woodville, 2nd Lord Rivers, financed and edited Caxtons printing of Chaucers Canterbury Tales. [S37] #93 [Book version] The Dictionary of National Biography: from the Earliest Times to 1900 (1885-1900, reprint 1993), Stephen, Leslie, (22 volumes. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. Between 1403 and 1405, grants of the forfeited lands from the House of Percy and of the alien priory of Ogbourne, Wiltshire, considerably increased his income. He was born in 1389. Encyclopedia.com. Stargardt, 1953-1978), FHL book 940 D5f; FHL microfilms 251,160 items 1-3., vol. Elizabeth Woodville suggested amendments to one of Anthonys books and may have also been a patron of Caxtons. Find John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Historically, John was only fourteen at the time of the battle, but, considering that boys were put into battle at relatively young ages, it is possible that he may have at least been on the battlefield. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Unfortunately, John of Lancaster had moved her to Rouen where he executed her. Definitions of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, analogical dictionary of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (English) After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. 19 volumes. That year Bolingbroke, with help from the nobility, was able to gather supporters and deposed Richard II, who later died of starvation either by his own will or by force. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I. Geni requires JavaScript! 16567. ; Richard of Bedford and Mary of Bedford His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. All are lavishly decorated and famous examples of the style of the period. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Appears in: Henry IV, Part 1; Henry IV, Part 2; Henry V; Henry VI, Part 1. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 123-124. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed): (SVG file, nominally 410 478 pixels, file size: 806 KB). [S39] Medieval, royalty, nobility family group sheets (filmed 1996), Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his first wife Anne. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. While he was in France his duties in . Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. [S98] #18 Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europischen Staaten (1953-1978), Isenburg, Wilhelm Karl , Prinz von and Frank Baron von Freytag-Loringhoven, (5 volumes. He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. [2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. Bedford was declared Regent of France, his nephew technically being heir to the throne of that country as well as to the Kingdom of England. His mother died when he was just five. Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, 12. In reality, it was the Earl of Westmorland who talked down the rebels. Since the conditions of the Treaty of Troyes in 1420 had specified that Henry V would become King of France following the death of the French King Charles VI, it became clear that an infant would now be king of two kingdoms very soon. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. 2 p. 548. John de Teye Via Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Fitzalan%2C_Countess_of_Hereford#/media/File:Psalter_of_Mary_de_Bohun_and_Henry_Bolingbroke_1380-85_Abigail.jpg Public Domain, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester. Partner of NN NN, Mistress or Mistresses . Catherine of Valois or Catherine of France (27 October 1401 - 3 January 1437) was Queen of England from 1420 until 1422. 11 T 26. Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke, JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. 3 p. 842. [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20 [S2] Peter W. Hammond, editor, The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Volume XIV: Addenda & Corrigenda (Stroud, Gloucestershire, U.K.: Sutton Publishing, 1998), page 79. Johns time in France had been successful the French might not have been his greatest admirers given his severe administration techniques- until about 1427 at which point a quiet country girl with a dodgy hair cut, a large sword and angels telling her what to do rather rained on his parade. The three most important surviving manuscripts of his are the Bedford Hours (British Library Add MS 18850) and the Salisbury Breviary (Paris BnF Ms Lat. Bedford was not as capable as his eldest brother Henry, but he was certainly an excellent commander and politician. 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). John had his young nephew crowned King of France in Paris so that for a little while at least there were technically two kings of France at the same time, though it rather depended where you were as to which one you recognised in public. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. The couple were happily married, despite being childless. Pronunciation of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford with and more for John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. This last is signed in two places by Herman Scheere. Bedford was declared Regent but focused on the ongoing war in France, while during his absence, Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England. The Bretons were so moved by the impoverished state of Jeans son Jean II that Nicole de Chtillon-Blois married him on 18 June 1437, bringing a large dowry that was vastly supplemented when she inherited the fabulously wealthy County of Penthievre in Brittany. [S20] Magna Carta Ancestry: A study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Richardson, Douglas, (Kimball G. Everingham, editor. John died on 14 September 1435 at age 46 at Castle of Joyeux Repos, Rouen, Caux, France, without legitimate surviving issue. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. No known copyright issues. The third son of King Henry IV, John was created duke of Bedford by his brother Henry V in 1414. In 2 Henry IV he is portrayed in a negative light when he dupes the Archbishop and Earl Marshal into dismissing their army, before arresting them for treason. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful King but for the baby Henry VI. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regentof Francefor his nephew Henry VI. preface lxiv. definition - John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford. [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. Encyclopedia.com. He was brought up in highly eloquent fashion like his other brothers and was well educated. 3 p. 726. And he is famous, or perhaps infamous, for having Joan of Arc burnt at the stake for witchcraft. He became the Lord Protector during Johns long absences in France. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. As to Arthur, the English captured him at Agincourt and imprisoned him for several years. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. John of Lancaster was born in Rouen, Normandy on 20 June 1389, the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun. He became the guardian of Henry's infant son Henry VI and became regent on his behalf. Chipps Smith, Jeffrey (1984). Only loud protests caused the ungrateful Charles VII to give Jean a decent burial instead of a paupers grave. Bedford defeated the French several times, notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. A daughter of Charles VI of France, she was married to Henry V of England and gave birth to his heir Henry VI of England.Catherine's marriage was part of a plan to eventually place Henry V on the throne of France, and perhaps end what is now known as the Hundred Years' War . John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. 189 related topics. He died in 1435 at the age of forty-six at the siege of Rouen. Bedford was a capable administrator and soldier, and his effective management of the war brought the English to the height of their power in France. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 138914 September 1435), was a medieval English nobleman, soldier, and statesman. [citation needed], Several authoritative sources are cited by the. Pernoud, Rgine. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V. On 14 June 1423, at Troyes, he married Anne, daughter of John the Fearless. [S23] #849 Burke's Guide to the Royal Family (1973), (London: Burke's Peerage, c1973), FHl book 942 D22bgr., p. 202. Reprint Paris: Editions du Palais Royal, 1967-1968), FHL book 944 D5a; FHL microfilms 532,231-532,239., vol. Family History Department. Bedford defeated the French several times, most notably at the Battle of Verneuil, until the arrival of Joan of Arc rallied the opposition. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). However, the date of retrieval is often important. Duke of Bedford (named after Bedford, England) is a title that has been created six times (for five distinct people) in the Peerage of England. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford or John of Lancaster (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) of the House of Lancaster An English nobleman of the House of Lancaster was the third son of Henry IV of England and Mary of Beauchamp, brother of Henry V of England and uncle of Henry VI of England. Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1999), FHL book 973 D2fp., p. 205 LANCASTER:10.iv. 2. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. 2 p. 514, vol. 16 Jan. 2023 . As Regent of France, he returns to his area of responsibility in an attempt to subdue the rebellions there. 3950. After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. - John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. Blanche Plantagenet, of Lancaster, England, Philippa of Lancaster, Princess of England, Queen of Denmark, Sweden & Norway, Birth of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. edit descriptions of this character John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery He was born in 1389. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Bolingbroke was crowned King of England, as Henry IV, on 13 October 1399. Jacquetta of Luxembourg was well-educated and so loved books that the Duke of Bedford bequeathed her his library. . Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. Henry was able to capture the cities of Rouen and Caen and soon most of France was under English control. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical p. Upon the death of John of Gaunt, Richard II did not allow Bolingbroke to inherit his father's duchy of Lancaster. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). 3). Johns second wife was the seventeen year old Jacquetta of Luxembourg, daughter of Peter I, Count of Saint-Pol. (Incidentally, Coco Chanel was born in Saumur.). John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War.Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. ., La Chesnaye-Desbois, Franois Alexandre Aubert de, (3rd edition. There is a Queen's Arms public house sign from Birmingham [8] which uses these supporters reversed and with an argent yale uncollared on a shield showing the English royal arms at left and to the right six divisions representing Lorraine. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. 11 p. 834. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. On 28 July 1488, Jacquettas 12th child and 6th son, Sir Edward Woodville, Lord Scales, led the vanguard of the Breton army of Duke Francis II at the disastrous Battle of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier against a French army equipped with massed cannons. Learn how your comment data is processed. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[6]. Anne died of the plague in Paris in 1432.[7]. As Regent of France, Bedford had the huge responsibility of not only keeping and maintaining the territories that his brother had conquered, but expanding English interests in France. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. It is unlikely anyone else put in his station could have done any better. In 1416, Henry placed John in command of a fleet taking supplies to Harfleur, which overcame a fleet of the Franco-Genoese navy. In any event Henry of Monmouth shook boorish habits from him as soon as he became king and went off to do what medieval English nobility expected of their monarchs he went to war with someone, gained victory and land. She went on to have sixteen children and the knight became the first Earl Rivers for his services to Henry VI and his queen Margaret of Anjou. http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, 20. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV, John of Lancaster began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. Bedford died during the congress of Arras in 1435, just as Burgundy was preparing to abandon the English cause and conclude a separate peace with Charles VII of France. The French felt there was a world of difference between a mature victorious king and a baby boy they perhaps had a point given the chaos that often resulted in England when a child was on the throne. [3], John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg.[4]. Information from its description page there is shown below. 2 p. 63-64. He maintained his loyalty to his father, brother and nephew until the day he died. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (= 20). The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. ." Error rating book. The English continued to suffer major losses in the following years and Bedford quarreled insecently with both his brother Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, and his Uncle Beaufort, Cardinal of Winchester in defending his losses in France. Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. He became 3d marquess of Dorset on his father's death (1530), and in 1534 he married Frances,, A line of Catholic earls and dukes whose peerage dates back to the 11th century, when Ralph, a staller or constable of the court of Edward the Confes, Suffolk, Charles Brandon, 1st duke of (14841545). He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. Retrieved January 16, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belong to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account. By the late 1420's, however, the French, under the guidance of the new King Charles VII and a young girl named Joan of Arc, began to fight back furiously. He married Jacquette de Luxembourg (c1415-1472) 1433 JL As a mere girl she shouldnt have been wearing trousers and she certainly shouldnt have been leading French armies that thrashed English armies. Henry IVs second son was called Thomas but he was killed in 1421 at the Battle of Bauge in France. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. Advertizing Wikipedia Marburg: J.A. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. Bedford achieved a significant victory in 1424 at Verneuil against a large French and Scottish force. pp. Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham on succeeding to his elder brother's lands in 1383, and receiv, John of Lignres, or Johannes de Lineriis, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422 and 1432, where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. Despite his military and administrative . Throughout his life he identified himself with his brother's policies, especially in pursuing English claims to the French throne. So when the Yorkists looked down their nose at Elizabeth Woodville, Jacquettas daughter and King Edward IVs wife, they were forgetting that she was the grand-daughter of a Count and that her mother had once been at the heart of the royal court albeit a Lancastrian one. Loud protests caused the ungrateful Charles VII to give Jean a decent burial instead of paupers! Retrieved January 16, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke description page there is shown below microfilms! Coronation and made a Knight of the style of the style of the plague in Paris 1432... Were john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford married, despite being childless his military and administrative talent, English... 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